Open Targets

• Search Open TargetsSearch the whole Platform at once for a phrase and get back whatever matches: genes, diseases, drugs, variants and studies together, each with the identifier the other actions take. Use it as the first step when you have words rather than identifiers, or narrow it to one kind of thing to build a picker.
• Map names to identifiersTurn a column of names into the identifiers the Platform uses. Hand it gene symbols, disease names or drug names out of a spreadsheet and get an id per row, with anything that matched nothing listed separately rather than quietly dropped. Where a name could mean several things the closest match wins and the rest are listed beside it.
• Get a targetLook up a gene or protein and get back what it is, where it sits in the genome, which protein it makes, where in the cell it acts, which pathways it belongs to, whether it is essential, what safety concerns are on record, and how druggable it looks to a small molecule or an antibody. Accepts a gene symbol, so 'TP53' works as well as its Ensembl id.
• Get a diseaseLook up a disease or phenotype and get its description, the names it goes by, the therapeutic areas it belongs to, and its parents and children in the ontology. The parents and children matter: Open Targets files evidence against whichever term a study used, so walking up or down is often how you find the rest of it.
• Get a drugLook up a drug or clinical candidate and get what it is, how far it has got, what it is sold as, how it works and what it acts on, plus any black box warnings and withdrawals on record. Accepts a drug name, so 'adalimumab' works as well as its ChEMBL id.
• Get a variantLook up a genetic variant and get where it sits, what it changes, how damaging the prediction tools think it is, and how common it is in each population. Accepts an rsID such as 'rs7412' as well as the chromosome_position_reference_alternate form the Platform files it under.
• Get a studyLook up a GWAS or molecular QTL study: what it measured, how many people took part, how many were cases and controls, and the paper it came from. Study ids come from the search action or from the studies listed for a disease.
• Find targets for a diseaseThe question the Platform exists to answer: which genes are worth going after for this disease. Every target comes back with a score from 0 to 1 pooling human genetics, known drugs, animal models, pathways, expression and the literature, best first, plus the same score broken down by kind of evidence so you can see what is carrying it. Narrow the scoring to genetics alone to rank by human evidence only.
• Find diseases for a targetThe mirror of finding targets for a disease: everything this gene has been linked to, best evidenced first, each with a score from 0 to 1 and a breakdown by kind of evidence. Use it to see what a gene is already implicated in before committing to it, or to spot where an existing programme might be repositioned.
• Get the evidence for a linkRead the individual findings behind one target and disease link, rather than the score that summarises them. Each row names the database it came from, the kind of evidence it is, and the paper behind it where there is one. This is the action for showing your working, or for pulling the citations into a report.
• Find drugs for a targetList the drugs and clinical candidates aimed at a gene, and how far each one has got. Use it to check whether a target is already drugged before starting work on it, to find a tool compound, or to spot a molecule that could be repositioned. Filter to approved drugs alone to see only what is on the market.
• Find what a target interacts withList the proteins a gene's product physically interacts with or shares a pathway with, drawn from IntAct, Reactome, Signor and STRING. Use it to build the neighbourhood around a target, to find a way in when the target itself is undruggable, or to check what else a drug might disturb.
• Get where a target is expressedRead how strongly a gene is expressed across human tissues and cell types, from GTEx and single cell atlases. Use it to check a target is actually present where the disease is, and to see where else it is switched on, which is often where the side effects come from. Each row carries the median and the quartiles rather than one number.
• Get what a drug is used forList everything a drug is approved for or has been trialled against, with how far each one got. Use it to see the full label beyond the headline indication, to find where a molecule has already failed, or to look for repositioning room. Filter to approved alone for the on-market picture.
• Get a drug's reported side effectsList the side effects reported for a drug, from the FDA's adverse event database, most significant first. The log likelihood ratio says how much more often an effect is reported for this drug than for drugs in general, and anything above the critical value is the significant tail: each row is flagged so a workflow can act on that without doing the statistics itself.
• Find studies for a diseaseList the GWAS and molecular QTL studies that looked at a disease, with how many people took part and whether full summary statistics are available. Use it to find the genetics behind an association, or to check how well powered the evidence for a disease actually is before relying on it.
• Find similar entitiesFind the targets, diseases and drugs that sit closest to one you name. Closeness is worked out from how often things are written about together across the literature, so it surfaces neighbours no single database lists as related: genes that keep appearing beside yours, diseases that behave like the one you are working on, drugs that travel in the same company.
• Find papers about somethingFind the papers that mention a target, disease or drug, newest first, with a link straight to each one on Europe PMC. Narrow it to a range of years to catch only what has been published recently, which is what a standing literature alert needs.
• Check the Platform statusCheck Open Targets is reachable and report which data release it is serving. Open Targets publishes a new release every few months and the association scores move between them, so a workflow that records or compares results is worth stamping with the release they came from. Also useful as a health check at the top of a longer run.

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